To avoid further grievances and tension between Madrid and Catalonia, the Spanish government should carefully examine the processes followed for referendums in Switzerland and elections in California and recognize that there is legitimate support for autonomy among the citizens of Catalonia. Puigdemont may help to defuse the situation by removing himself as a lightning rod for criticism from Spain. Citizens should be able to voice their opinions through the ballot box and not on the streets. To that end, elections should be completely free for all candidates. See the Charter for Permanent Peace and Development for more. §1.9 §1.10 §5.1 §6.1 §6.10